Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, often resulting in progressive tissue destruction and potential tooth loss if untreated. While traditional Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) remains a fundamental non-surgical approach, its limitations in severe cases necessitate advanced therapies. Innovations such as laser-assisted treatments, antimicrobial drug delivery systems, regenerative procedures, and minimally invasive surgical techniques have significantly enhanced periodontal treatment outcomes. Laser therapy facilitates bacterial decontamination and promotes faster healing, while localized drug delivery provides targeted antimicrobial action with minimal systemic effects. Regenerative approaches, including Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) and bone grafting, aid in restoring lost periodontal structures, while biomaterials and growth factors accelerate wound healing. Additionally, minimally invasive techniques, such as the Pinhole Surgical Technique (PST) and advanced soft tissue grafting, offer improved esthetic and functional outcomes. The emergence of personalized medicine, incorporating genetic and biomarker analysis, further enhances treatment precision and efficacy. These advanced periodontal therapies contribute to reduced pocket depths, improved tissue attachment, and long-term treatment success. As research progresses, the integration of stem cell therapy and precision medicine is expected to revolutionize periodontal treatment, providing highly customized and biologically driven solutions for tissue regeneration and disease management.