Abstract Plants possess metabolites and secondary biomolecules which are known to have diverse applications in the field of cosmetics, pharmaceutical, food industries etc. Biotechnological approach such as plant tissue culture possess immense potential as an alternative to traditional methods for controlled production of vital secondary metabolites on a large-scale basis. Plant tissue culture is considered to be an important and useful tool that can aid in propagation of plants, elimination of disease, improvement in growth rate of endangered species and recovery of secondary metabolites from various plant sources. Different types of plant tissue culture techniques such as callus culture, somatic embryogenesis, cell suspension culture, hairy root culture and haploid culture offer advantages over traditional methods of plant propagation. In the present chapter, a detailed view of aforementioned plant tissue culture techniques and the unique ways in which they have been utilized for the production of important natural products have been described. The chapter also discusses the automation approaches that have been undertaken for efficiently screening secondary plant metabolites and facilitating plant propagation.