Fishery, encompassing activities related to the capture, processing, and distribution of aquatic organisms, plays a pivotal role in global food security and economic livelihoods. However, unsustainable practices such as overfishing, habitat destruction, and climate change pose significant threats to fish stocks and marine ecosystems. Addressing these challenges necessitates a comprehensive approach integrating biological, economic, social, and cultural dimensions of fisheries management. This chapter explores the multifaceted nature of sustainable fisheries management, drawing upon empirical research and case studies to present strategies and future directions. Key components include science-based management, precautionary approaches, ecosystem-based management, regulatory frameworks, and community engagement. Additionally, innovations in technology, aquaculture practices, and collaborative governance offer promising avenues for enhancing sustainability. Despite progress, challenges such as overfishing, habitat degradation, and illegal fishing persist, underscoring the importance of continued efforts and global cooperation. By implementing effective management strategies and fostering collaboration among stakeholders, policymakers can promote the long-term sustainability of fisheries and marine ecosystems, ensuring their viability for present and future generations.