Biodiversity is the-living foundation for sustainable development. To make biodiversity sustainable is one thing; and to practice sustainable use of biodiversity is another. Major challenges to biodiversity conservation and its use in sustainable development are population increase in the world stands as a major challenge because it increases pressure for using bio-resources more and more. The world is losing its tropical forests at the alarming rate of almost 42 million acres per year. This means that nearly 1.3 acres of tropical forest disappear every second. Deforestation is measured as a percentage of the remaining forest; the most losses happen to have occurred in Asia. At the current rate tropical forest will be gone within 115 years. Introduction of exotic species is another major challenge to biodiversity conservation. When exotic species are introduced to the ecosystem they drastically consume without maintaining the chronology of the ecological pyramid-pattern in an ecosystem. These introduced species drastically reduce the population of animals of all trophic levels and create ecological hazard for the population of all other. At least two conditions must be fulfilled if a country has to achieve or at least make significant progress towards the targets of realizing biodiversity use in sustainable development.