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Exploration of Isotherms, Kinetics, Thermodynamics, FTIR, SEM, XRD and RSM Studies in Treatment of Lead by Ecofriendly Bio Sorbent


Rakesh Namdeti
Pages: 15-50
ISBN: 978-93-5834-639-8


Advances in Chemical Sciences (Volume -5)

Advances in Chemical Sciences
(Volume - 5)

Abstract

The liquid waste-wastewater- is essentially the water supply of the community after it has been used in a variety of applications. In recent years, heavy metal concentrations, besides other pollutants, have increased to reach dangerous levels for living environment in many regions. Among the heavy metals lead has the most damaging effects on human health. It can enter a human body through uptake of food (65%), water (20%) and air (15%). In this background certain low cost and easily available biosorbent was used and reported in this study. The scope of the present study is to remove Lead from its aqueous solution using Grewia orbiculata as biosorbent. The results showed that the biosorption capacity of Grewia orbiculata leaves biosorbent was more for Lead removal. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were used to describe the biosorption equilibrium of Lead Grewia orbiculata leaves biosorbent and the biosorption followed the Langmuir isotherm. The kinetic models showed that the pseudo-second order rate expression was found to represent well with the biosorption data for the biosorbent. The calculated thermodynamic parameters such as free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change were indicated that the present biosorption process was endothermic, spontaneous and feasible in nature. The FTIR spectra was obtained for the biosorbent of this study before and after biosorption experiments and it was revealed that the sites on the biosorbent holding up these exchangeable metal ions can then serve as active sites for the exchange of metal ions. SEM micrograph of biosorbent clearly shows the considerable number of heterogeneous layer of pores where there is a good possibility for metal to be adsorbed. The surface of metal-loaded biosorbent, however, clearly shows that the surfaces of the biosorbent was covered with metal molecules. The XRD studies confirmed amorphous and crystalline in nature of biosorbent.

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