Worldwide, water supplies are becoming scarce due to climatic changes and rising demands from various water users (agriculture, industrial, and domestic). Irrigation management must change from maximizing production per crop area to maximizing production per unit of water consumed by crops because irrigated agriculture is one of the biggest consumers of these resources. Farmers urgently require solutions for novel irrigation techniques and agricultural water management due to long-term prospects of a shortage of available water resources, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. An innovative kind of deficit irrigation called partial root-zone drying alternately irrigates half of the root zone during predetermined irrigation events. This book chapter focuses on the physiological and morphological effects of PRD on plants and how they ultimately affect yield, quality, and water productivity