Paddy straw mushroom is one of the popular edible mushroom of Tropics and Sub-tropic regions. This mushroom (V. Volvacea) belonging to the Pluteaceae family was initially grown in China in the early 18th century. It is generally grown in the coastal belt of India such as Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, etc. this mushroom contains 90% moisture content and also contains various carbohydrates, essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals and other elements vital for health and growth i.e. Paddy Straw bundle method of mushroom cultivation, Outdoor Shade Cultivation Method and Indoor method. V. Volvacea can be harvested after 10 days of spawning. The first flush can contribute up to 90% of the total yield and can exist up to 3 days. This mushroom has to be processed immediately after harvesting by means of canning, pickling and heat drying (up to 60 degrees Celsius). This chapter describes the detailed cultivation technology of paddy straw mushroom.