Enicostemma littorale, Blume. is chosen for the present study is the rational being that the plant is sustainable weed which may be available in quantities for phytochemical analysis. Pharmacognostic studies are lacking for this plant even though some reports attribute some medicinal properties to the plant. This study was also initiated with an aim at identifying this medicinal plant authentically with the micro morphological characters. The primary aim of this work was anatomical standardization of Enicostemma littorale, because the only technical available is the microscopic study of the cell and tissue organization of the specimen for identification. In the anatomical studies, the microscopic features of lateral vein, lamina, internode, nodal region and roots were studied. Their diagnostic values for segregating the Enicostemma littorale from its adulterants were lignified. The second aim of the present study was preliminary phytochemical analysis of the leaf and root extract of Enicostemma littorale to determine the quantity of bioactive components present in them. These phytochemical evaluation serve as a tool for quality assessment of the drug.