The development of efficient and cost-effective green practices would be required to ensure the availability of a clean environment for the welfare of living things. It is necessary to convert "non-green" protocols to "green" protocols for the long-term sustainability of the environment. Surface modified metal oxides and mixed metal oxides are constantly used due to their extensive applications across a wide variety of chemical sciences. One of the most promising alternatives for functional group conversions has been found as a solid acid. Sulfated metal oxides and sulfated mixed metal oxides catalysts have been extensively explored for a range of industrially important chemical processes due to their excellent thermal and chemical stability and a large number of acid sites. Preparation techniques, precipitating agent, surface modification source, calcination temperature, retreatment, and storage all affect catalytic activity. These sulfated catalysts have good catalytic activity in multicomponent reactions. The current study focuses on the utilization of sulfated metal oxides in the synthesis of multicomponent reactions, which are majorly employed as pharmaceutical intermediates and for a variety of medical purposes.