Traditional breeding methods like pedigree, bulk, backcross breeding continues to deliver high-yielding crop varieties but these methods relies on the crossing of germplasm which can take seven to 12 years to produce an improved variety. Breeding efficiency can be improved by using molecular markers, random mutagenesis, and transgenic crops. Research has made possible the identification of genes that contribute to important traits and genome editing is one such tool that can make specific targeted changes to the DNA of a cell or organism and when this is repaired by the cell a change or ‘edit’ is made to the sequence. Genome editing encompasses a wide variety of tools having a site-specific recombinase (SSR) or a site-specific nuclease (SSN) system and their modifications