Food fortification and enrichment are effective strategies to combat nutritional deficiencies and improve public health by adding essential vitamins, minerals and bioactive compounds to commonly consumed foods. Global and local initiatives, such as rice fortification in India and biofortification of crops like vitamin A-enriched maize, alongside innovations like functional multigrain bread and fortified cookies. By leveraging sustainable practices, advanced technologies and policy support, these methods enhance dietary quality, address micronutrient deficiencies, and promote health while maintaining affordability and consumer acceptance.