Industries are serving at large scale to nation and also to world economic growth but at the same time some of the industries releases toxic waste on the basis of their need of manufacturing produces especially waste or effluents containing heavy metals and on the other side polluting the same nation or earth. As even trace amount heavy metals are toxic to nature and humans. Therefore, unchecked discharge of heavy metals in water bodies through industrial effluents pollutes surface water sources, groundwater, soil and negatively affects aquatic animals and humans. Therefore, it becomes very important to study about different heavy metals, their nature, their sources of production, exposure to humans and types of diseases they cause and affects organs. In soil if heavy metal effluents are drained it affects agriculture by affecting crop growth hence quality and quantity of food. In aquatic animal heavy metals gets accumulated through biomagnification through, algal bloom. There are many ways and methods available for treatment of effluents like microbial remediation, phytoremediation, and many other technologies like chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane filtration and many more which are to be selected in a manner that it should be cost effective and do not cause any harm to environment. Many techniques are required to be discovered as the problem and pollution is getting worst with the time. This assignment is therefore aiming at reviewing the sources, causes and remediation processes for heavy metals in effluents.