Age old agriculture needs no special introduction of soil organic matter (SOM) and its importance in cultivation of crops, whereas the industrial revolution and rise of chemical industry has posed a threat to it, which in turn effecting the soil health in disastrous manner. It is now more important than ever to focus on soil organic matter and measures to boost it in agricultural soils. Major elements that should be present in organic materials are C, H and O. The above remark proves that all living entities are made up of organic elements. As the world and ecosystem operates in a cyclic manner these body constructing elements should rotate from soil to microbes, microbes to plants, plants to animals and again in turn finally to soil for maintaining the best continuum. Decomposing plant and animal wastes make up soil organic matter. Aside from these components, soil organic matter contains living and dead microbial cells, microbially generated chemicals, and a variety of derivatives produced by microbiological action. It comprises of a variety of nutrients required for plants. Plants are the largest and primary suppliers of soil organic matter, whereas animals provide a little amount as secondary sources. Plant or crop residues contribute the most to these resources, as they degrade to add additional carbon to the soil and so maintain the agroecosystem's balance. Biomolecules and their composition in soil organic matter are also important factors to consider as they have major role in determining the several chemical and physical properties of the soil. Organic matter as a single entity, is the most significant for good soil health.