Considering the inherent effect of the ever increasing environmental pollution that has adversely distorted the ecosystem, thereby spurring the international communities, the government, general public, cooperate bodies, policy makers, professionals and even politician to take adequate measures aimed at addressing environmental problems. This chapter discussed on integrated resource management for smart and sustainable agriculture. This chapter deals what our environment is made up, it’s ever increasing problems and challenges facing our environment from different perspectives and some aspects of the strategy to meet the impending challenge without jeopardising our interest. Significant impacts of climate change and variability on agriculture sector are already evident in many tropical countries including India. Unseasonal rainfall, floods, hailstorms and heat waves are taking a heavy toll on Indian agriculture and horticultural sectors affecting livelihood of millions of small land holders. The situation is no different in many other developing countries where small farmers do not have adequate capacity to cope with such events. Agricultural system has a key role to play in initiating this change. Adaptation to climate change requires changes in knowledge, attitudes, and resilience capacities and skills of the people. There is a need to strengthen the extension system that can put forward the adaptive strategies to mitigate the climate effects for smart and sustainable agriculture.