Now-a-days the most serious environmental issue now is thought to be heavy metal contamination. Heavy metal contamination of ecosystems has resulted from a variety of natural and human activities. When heavy metals are present in the environment at high concentrations, they are overly absorbed by plant roots and transported to shoots, where they affect metabolism and stunt growth. A drop in soil microbial activity, as well as losses to soil fertility and yield are brought on by excessive metal concentrations in the polluted soils. The edible parts of the plants grown on heavy metal polluted soil create clinical problems due to adverse effects on human health through the food chain contamination. Therefore, a critical study is needed to analyse the various aspect of the problem generated by soil pollution through heavy metals.