The Green Revolution, driven by the exponential growth of the world population and the increasing demand for food, has shown how to improve production in the agriculture products to achieve the food demand for the booming of world’s population. Fertilizers and pesticides, collectively known as agrochemicals, have played a vital role in increasing crop yields and ensuring food security in modern agriculture. However, the widespread and excessive application of these substances has raised up to the level, where it become one of the major environmental threat, which we have to address at an urgent basis and the need for sustainable agricultural practices. In upcoming decades the world will need to increase food production by 70 percent. Without agrochemicals, global food production would be half of current levels, whereas farmers have to grow more food on less land. Fertilizers and pesticides play crucial roles in increasing agricultural production by addressing nutrient deficiencies and controlling pests and diseases. By providing essential nutrients, controlling pests and diseases, and reducing weed competition, fertilizers and pesticides contribute significantly to increasing agricultural production. However, it is important to ensure responsible and sustainable use of these inputs, considering environmental factors, soil health, and integrated pest management practices to mitigate any potential negative impacts.