"Biodiversity and Bio resources: Exploring Nature's Riches" delves into the intricate tapestry of life on Earth and its profound implications for humanity. The Chapter unravels the multifaceted dimensions of biodiversity, from genetic diversity within species to the diversity of ecosystems across landscapes, and underscores its pivotal role in sustaining life, supporting human well-being, and inspiring culture and art. The text explores the challenges that threaten biodiversity, including habitat destruction, climate change, invasive species, and overexploitation, emphasizing the urgent need for preservation and conservation. Conservation strategies, protection of pristine areas, and responsible resource management are explored as vital tools in this endeavour. The interplay between biodiversity and human health is unveiled, revealing the integral role of nature in providing medicines, nutritious food, and emotional and cultural enrichment. Furthermore, the chapter uncovers the promises of sustainable resource management, responsible bio prospecting, and biotechnology in utilizing nature's potential while preserving it. This exploration underscores the interconnectedness of humanity and the natural world and calls for a responsible, sustainable, and harmonious coexistence with nature. Through an understanding of biodiversity and the adoption of responsible practices, we can secure the future of Earth's "riches" for generations to come.