Data security has become a top priority for everyone as the internet has become more integrated into our lives and has grown at a breakneck pace over the last few decades. Network security and cryptography is a term for securing cellular networks and data transfer. The authorization of access to data in a network, which is managed by the network administrator, is referred to as network protection. Users choose or are given an ID, password, or other means of authentication that grants them access to information and services under their control. Network security refers to a wide range of public and private data networks that are used in daily tasks to perform transactions and interactions between companies, government departments, and individuals. Both private and public networks, such as those within an organization, are possible. Network reliability is a challenge for organizations, institutions, and government sectors. This book chapter further discuss about cryptography and its principles. It is stated that ciphers are used in cryptographic schemes, cryptography models and algorithms are discussed.