Heat transfer, the process of energy exchange between systems due to temperature differences, is crucial in various industries and scientific disciplines. Recent advancements in heat transfer research have led to the development of innovative techniques and technologies aimed at improving efficiency, sustainability, and performance. This chapter provides a detailed examination of these advances, including the utilization of nanofluids, phase change materials (PCMs), additive manufacturing (AM), and computational methods. By understanding these developments, researchers and practitioners can gain insights into the latest trends and potential future directions in the field of heat transfer.