Catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CABSI) are a leading cause of healthcare-associated morbidity and mortality. This article delves into the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, treatment options, and prevention measures for CABSI. Emphasizing evidence-based practices, it highlights the critical importance of adherence to infection control protocols in minimizing this significant healthcare challenge. The discussion also explores recent advancements in diagnostic technologies and preventive strategies that promise to reduce the incidence of CABSI.