The field of geriatric mental health in India has not yet attained the recognition it deserves. This area faces numerous challenges that hinder the advancement and development of its services. The current article presents a narrative review that examines the various obstacles encountered by geriatric mental health in India. Mental health issues among older adults, defined as individuals aged 60 and above, are becoming increasingly significant in public health due to their rising prevalence, associated disease burden, disability, morbidity, and mortality rates. Epidemiological research on major mental health disorders, including depression and dementia in older adults, has enhanced our understanding of the distribution and determinants of these conditions. The identification of potential risk factors has prompted interventional research aimed at preventing these disorders within a public health framework for their management. The escalating burden of geriatric mental health issues, such as dementia, in developing nations like India poses considerable challenges unless there is a robust enhancement of the public health response. This response must include the expansion of preventive measures, public awareness campaigns, early diagnosis, and equitable access to quality health and social care for all demographic groups. The Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030) presents a valuable opportunity for unified and coordinated efforts to improve both physical and mental intrinsic capacity and to create an age-friendly environment that enhances the functional abilities of all older adults.