Introduction: Dengue fever is a viral illness transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily the Aedes species. It is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions and poses a significant public health concern due to its potential for severe complications. With the global rise in cases, reinfection with different serotypes of the virus has emerged as a major factor contributing to the severity of the disease. Discussion: This article provides a comprehensive overview of dengue, its transmission, reinfection risks, and prevention measures. Additionally, it addresses the management and treatment options available today and explores the increasing need for effective control strategies, considering the ongoing challenges of vaccine development and mosquito control. Conclusion: The article also focuses on the mechanisms of dengue reinfection, particularly Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE), which can lead to more severe illness and complications in individuals reinfected with different dengue virus serotypes.