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Clinico-Microbiological Profile of Candidemia Cases: A Study at Rural based Tertiary Care Hospital


Nidhi Bhalodia
Pages: 143-158
ISBN: 978-93-5834-155-3


Emerging Trends in Medical Sciences (Volume -9)

Emerging Trends in Medical Sciences
(Volume - 9)

Abstract

Introduction: Candida spp. are opportunistic fungal pathogen causing invasive bloodstream infection among immunocompromised and hospitalized patients [1]. Though Candida albicans is most common causative species, incidence of non-albicans species like Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei is increasing at alarming rate. Aims & Objective: The main aim of present study is to compare incidence of candida albicans and non-albicans over the period of 4 years and to determine species distribution of candida isolated from blood samples of patient. Material & Method: The present single-centered cross-sectional study was conducted at rural based tertiary care hospital in Vadodara for the period of 4 years. The blood culture samples were incubated for 5 days in automated blood culture system (BACTEC FX40). The species confirmation was done by VITEK (bioMerieux) automated system. Antifungal susceptibility test was performed using YST08 cards. Result: Out of total 4528 blood culture samples, candida spp. were isolated from 143 samples (3.1%). The prevalence of candidemia was 25 cases (0.5%) in 2021, 34 cases (0.7%) in 2022, 36 cases (0.8%) in 2023 with significant increase to 48 cases (1.06%) in 2024. Out of total 143 candida isolates there were 28 candida albicans and 115 candida non-albicans isolates. Among non-albicans isolates prevalence of Candida tropicalis (32.8%) was highest. The prevalence of candidemia was highest 50.3% among 41-60 years age group. The most common risk factors associated with candidemia was diabetes mellitus (51.74%), central venous catheterization (32.16%), long term steroid therapy (23.77%) and use of broad spectrum antibiotics (48.95%).In our study sensitivity of candida non-albicans to azole group of drugs was less as compared to candida albicans. Conclusion: Candidemia continues to be significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The emergence of highly resistant isolates emphasizes the current need for constant surveillance and monitoring of candidemia cases.

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