Plastic waste epitomize a considerable threat to marine ecosystems, particularly through its consequence on marine life. Plastic waste has emerged as an essential asset in modernized society, controlling every aspect of daily life and reforming industries from healthcare to transportation. This chapter encapsulates the ongoing efforts to acknowledge the global challenge of plastic waste, emphasizing both the insistence and the potential for ingenious solutions to alleviate its environmental impact .Particularly, this chapter addresses on various ways in which plastic waste has an adverse effect on marine life, focusing on entanglement and ingestion as direct intimidation to marine organisms, and the bioaccumulation of pollutants on a broader spectrum of environmental concern. Additionally, this chapter also unfolds the emerging approaches to plastic waste management, involving chemical recycling and pyrolysis, besides the challenges that plastic pollution poses to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.