Ber fruit fly, Carpomyia vesuviana Costa (Tephritidae: Diptera) is one of the notorious monophagous pests of ber in different parts of the world. The fly infests most of the Ziziphus species growing in the world and causes the damage internally. It causes yield loss up to 80% or even up to 100?mage in severe cases. The external temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, soil moisture, soil temperature and soil depth are critical factors for the activity and emergence of adult fly from soil. The favourable temperature for pupal development and adult emergence is 30 °C. Pupation at 3 to 6 cm depth of soil is ideal for adult emergence. Alternating rainfall ranging from 20 to 40 mm and 62 to 85% relative humidity also promotes fly activity. Various measures to manage this pest are field sanitation, destruction of wild bushes, collection of infested fruits, summer ploughing to expose the overwintering pupa to hot summer breaks the reproduction cycle of fly, growing of resistant cultivars like Tikidi, Umran, Mundia, Banarasi, Sanaur-1, Safeda selection, Elaichi, Mirchia, Zg-3 and Chhuhara give better yield and also reduce the protection cost. However, synthetic chemicals are presently employed as major tools against fruit fly. Availability of potential biocontrol agents and botanicals are very limited. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate all the available tactics in integrated manner and incorporation of neem-based formulations, biological pesticide, Spinosad, BAT and MAT are essential to manage the C. vesuviana in a successful manner in the scenario of organic cultivation. The distribution, host range, biology, nature of damage and management strategies are discussed briefly in this chapter.