Insects are most diverse of all groups of organisms. Insects have indefinite numbers of ecological interaction with various components of environment, affecting human beings directly or indirectly either in a beneficial or harmful way. Beneficial insects offers their invaluable services and products of economical and medical significance. Insects have been an important pest of crops, household, livestock, storage commodities like food grains, seed, spices and condiments etc. As pesticide offers rapid, cheaper, durable and better management of pest, inaptness in development of technology pertaining to cultural and biological control field. But widespread and indiscriminate pesticides use for pest management cause problems like environmental pollution, food contamination leading to biomagnification, indiscriminate killing of natural enemies leading to biodiversity loss and overall increased cost of agricultural production. Development and application of alternative pest management techniques have been a tedious task for scientist and farmers, respectively. Biotechnological approaches can be very promising alternative in pest management. In agricultural system, biotechnology can be successfully utilized at each level of tri-trophic interaction of host - insect – natural enemies of insect, to modify one or more component in one way or other to minimize the pest damage and ultimate yield losses to the crops. With biotechnological approach, pest resistant plants can be developed, effectiveness of natural enemies can be increased, productivity of beneficial insects can be increased and adaptability as well as damage potential of target pest can be minimized.