Potassium is a crucial nutrient for plant growth and development, significantly impacting crop yield, quality, and resistance to environmental stresses. This document explores the history, roles, and management of potassium in agriculture. It highlights potassium's essential functions in plants, including water regulation, photosynthesis, and enzyme activation. Various forms of soil potassium and their availability to plants are discussed, emphasizing the need for appropriate fertilization strategies. The impact of potassium deficiency on plants and the benefits of both inorganic and organic potassium sources are examined. Effective management of potassium is vital for sustainable agriculture and soil fertility.