Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds has been taken in consumption from earlier times as season salads, meals, sprinkle in confectionaries, medicinal extract and has diverse other functions. The idea of using sesame seeds for various purposes is to have first originated in India and are also noted in early Hindu mythology. Sesame is widely recognized oil crop of Pedaliaceae family with bell formed purple and white colored flora. The plant beers fruits having rectangular pills containing large number of small and oval seeds which show hues like white, crimson, brown or black. Sesame is good source of phytonutrients that includes omega-6 fatty acids, nutrients, flavonoids, phenolic antioxidants etc. Sesame seeds have been broadly used in conventional drug treatments for their nutritive, preventive and curative characteristics. Sesame seeds also comprise unique components: sesamin and sesamolin regarded to have a cholesterol lowering effect in people and to prevent excessive blood strain. Both are additionally pronounced to increase the hepatic mitochondrial and the peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation in experimental animals. Due to the antimicrobial effectiveness of Sesame oil and its action against bacteria and common pores, several skin infections are seen. The presence of carboxylic acids and phenolic components in crucial oils leads to the production of most powerful antioxidants including sesamol, sesamolin and sesamin. Work has also been initiated towards the manufacturing of biodiesel from sesame seeds as a viable opportunity to the diesel fuel. Hence, here we will understand more about the medicinal and industrial importance of sesame in our day-to-day life.