Recent Trends in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Volume - 4), edited by Dr. Yogendra Singh, offers an in-depth overview of molecular innovations and bioethical considerations in agricultural and biomedical biotechnology. The volume features seven specialized chapters on topics such as edible vaccines, DNA barcoding, reverse genetic tools for crop improvement, biosafety of GMOs, 5G technologies in agriculture, gene discovery methods, and plant stress tolerance. It combines theoretical advances with practical applications—exploring CRISPR, ITS1/ITS2 barcoding, RNA interference, TILLING, and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. This volume bridges classical breeding with cutting-edge molecular strategies while also addressing regulatory and safety concerns of GMOs. Rich in academic references and real-world examples, it provides an essential resource for molecular biologists, geneticists, biotech researchers, and postgraduate students working toward innovations in sustainable agriculture and bioresource development.