Hydroponics, the practice of cultivating plants without soil using nutrient-rich water or inert growing mediums, is a modern approach to achieving agricultural efficiency and sustainability. From ancient innovations such as the Hanging Gardens of Babylon to modern advancements pioneered by Dr. Gericke, hydroponics has evolved to become an essential technique for efficient nutrient delivery to plant roots. This review delves into nutrient management in hydroponics, focusing on the critical role of balanced nutrition in promoting optimal plant growth. Key factors such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, oxygenation, and water quality are examined for their impact on nutrient uptake. The chapter further discusses various fertilizer formulations, including Hoagland, Hewitt, Cooper, and Steiner solutions, while comparing popular hydroponic systems like the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), Deep Water Culture (DWC), and drip systems. Strategies involving advanced sensors for nutrient monitoring and the importance of regular system maintenance are also emphasized, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to ensure sustainable crop production.