Identification and access to allelic variation that effects plant phenotype is crucial for the efficient and purposeful utilisation of genetic resources in plant variety creation. Due to the enormous number of accessions held collectively by multiple gene banks, genetic resource collections are expected to contain a wealth of unknown allelic variants. The issue is determining how to unlock this variety. Allele mining is a field of study that seeks out allelic variation in important features in genetic resource sets. It's a method for analysing naturally existing allelic variation or identifying appropriate alleles of a candidate gene that impact critical agronomic parameters with crop development potential. It is primarily used to track allele evolution, find novel haplotypes and create allele-specific molecular markers for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). For the detection of sequence polymorphism for a particular gene in naturally occurring populations, three basic techniques are available: Tilling, Eco-tilling and Sequence based allele mining. Allele mining necessitates the use of a variety of advanced bioinformatic techniques, including sequence alignment software, to compare the new sequence to the reference genome, or sequenced genome. The methodologies and uses of allele mining, as well as the issues that come with them, have recently piqued scientists' interest, with a focus on the need for more refined' mining' tactics to speed up the process of allele discovery and use in molecular breeding.