Developing rapid technologies that improve the food production industry with no harmful influence on the environment is a prime priority today. Agriculture is one of the most important sectors but it consumes large amount of water. Agriculture soil especially arid and semi-arid soils have large pores due to this; plants have to face low water and fertilizer retention problem. Smart polymeric materials and their high water and mineral retention capacity helped the agricultural industry. Hydrogels are synthesized using chemical composition of polyacrylate and appear like amorphous granules having particle size of 20-100 micro granules. Ionic hydrogels are mostly used in agriculture and these are hydrophilic in nature. Various application methods are used for application of these hydrogels in agriculture i.e. soil mixing, slurry application, root dipping and seed coating method. These hydrogels have advantageous in relation to water and nutrient storage, reduce irrigation frequency, promote seed growth and establishment and prevent soil erosion. Hydrogels influences the soil physical properties its help to increase Water Use Efficiency (WUE) in agriculture, the parameters like Water Retention Characteristic Curve (WRCC), Plant Available Water Content (PAWC), Water Holding Capacity (WHC) of soil and infiltration characteristics are improved with application hydrogels and helps to reduces the loss of water via evaporation, transpiration and deep percolation to below the root zone. Several experiments conducted by scientists at various places with different amount of hydrogels, which results showed that water use efficiency of crops were increased in hydrogel treated plots over untreated plots.