Maize is one of the main food crop and the best considered and most manageable genetic framework among monocots. The advancement of biotechnology has prompted an extraordinary expansion in our insight into maize genetics and comprehension of the structure and behaviour of maize genomes. Regular breeding practices would now be able to be supplemented by various new and amazing procedures. Some of these regularly alluded to as molecular techniques, empower researchers to see the design of the whole genome of any life form and to choose plants with favoured qualities by \"reading\" at the molecular level, sparing valuable time and resources. DNA markers have given significant tools in different analyses going from phylogenetic investigation to the positional cloning of genes. Use of molecular markers for genetic studies of maize include: appraisal of genetic diversity and characterization of germ plasm, identification and fingerprinting of genotypes, assessment of hereditary distance, recognition of monogamic and quantitative trait loci, marker assisted selection, identification of sequence of valuable candidate genes, and so forth The advancement of high density molecular maps which has been encouraged by PCR-based markers, have made the mapping and labeling of almost any trait conceivable and serve as bases for marker assisted selection. Sequencing of maize genomes would assist with clarifying gene function, gene regulation and their expression. Present day biotechnology additionally incorporates an array of tools for adding and deleting a specific gene or genes to deliver plants with novel attributes. Advancement of informatics and biotechnology are come about in bioinformatic just as in development of microarray method. Current biotechnologies could supplement and improve the proficiency of traditional selection and breeding methods to upgrade agricultural efficiency.