Microencapsulation is an emerging technology that involves the formation of microcapsules by entrapping active agents inside coating or wall material; all these ingredients must be biodegradable. These compounds help in providing an advantageous output against various types of diseases and health related issues and ailments. But as mentioned majority of these important substances are not very rigid and extremely susceptible to changes in the environment, which may be physical, chemical or biological type. Different technologies are being adopted for better microencapsulation of food ingredients and novel drug delivery. Selection of microencapsulation technology, coating/wall material & core material in relevance with each other can play a significant role in getting potentially promising results. The main reason for using microencapsulation technology is delivered which have an increased availability and high effectiveness of the core materials inside and can be handled easily.