Citrus is one of the significant fruits, which plays a vital role in human life in terms of improving the health from internally and externally. Citrus is extensively used for commercial purposes. Citrus offers nutritional value that enhances your skin texture, internal body mechanism efficiency and many more. But even though it is valuable and of commercial importance, it has its own limitations like some defects or diseases or unwanted features inherited while cultivation of citrus crops. These limitations are due to its vulnerability to biotic and abiotic stresses, sexual incompatibility, heterozygosity, nucellar polyembryony, which is quite difficult to handle by conventional research methods. Because of recalcitrant nature, citrus species are recognized for intolerance to low temperature and desiccation, transformation and subsequent rooting. These features make the citrus culture yield low efficiency and productivity. For this, many improved techniques like mutational breeding, polyploidization, tissue culture etc., have been implemented in “Citriculture” (known as citrus culture), which resulted in improved varieties of citrus species. Despite that stubborn pathogens find their way to affect citrus variety species. With the help of Agrobacterium vector mediated transformation, beneficial, nutritional and commercial significant genes are introduced into citrus species, producing desirable citrus plants. Biotechnology is a tool/ technology that have the ability to remove undesirable qualities and acquire desirable varieties in living species. Biotechnological techniques like genome editing, transgenesis, somatic hybridization and OMICS provides a beneficial result in form of pathogen resistant citrus plant varieties. Proteomics, genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics have been a great help to citriculture for production of improved quality and yield citrus plant species. Now, attention of researchers of citriculture is mainly diverted upon production of abiotic and biotic stress tolerant citrus species. This chapter will reveal you, information about citrus species and its characteristics, conventional techniques used for improvement of citriculture, biotechnological tools, some further advancement techniques.