Cryopreservation is the conservation of seeds, tissues, protoplasts, cell suspensions, and organs at low temperatures or in a frozen state (-196 ℃) in the liquid or vapour phase (-1500 ℃) of nitrogen. Since liquid nitrogen can maintain low temperatures for long-term storage of cells. Hence, the ageing process and growth rate of stored germplasms are reduced. During cryopreservation, the germplasms are not affected by external factors such as pests or climatic conditions and there is no specimen loss. Ex-situ conservation helps in preserving living propagules for many years. Cryopreservation is the only ex-situ conservation method effective in the prolonged preservation of recalcitrant or low-viable seeds. Germplasm conservation maintains the genetic diversity of any particular plant species to use at any time in the future. Propagules are stored in the presence of cryoprotectants like ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol, etc. The techniques of cryopreservation for germplasm conservation are grouped into slow freezing, vitrification (encapsulation-vitrification, droplet-vitrification and vacuum infiltration vitrification), sub-zero non-freezing storage, dry state preservation, and dehydration. In the cryopreservation state, the cell's metabolic and enzymatic activities are deactivated. Orthodox seeds are subjected to in vitro whole-seed cryopreservation rather than recalcitrant seeds. Cryopreservation is very important for sustaining the specific genotype of the seed-producing plants. Many techniques have been applied to ensure high propagule recovery of germplasm to prevent desiccation and freezing damage. Cryopreservation is an effective and viable method for the long-term conservation of genetically propagated plants.