The gut-brain axis is a highly sophisticated bidirectional communication network between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system; it plays a role in digestion, mental health, and general wellbeing. Modern science focuses more on the role of neural pathways, immune signalling, and gut microbiota, all of which resonate well with ancient Ayurvedic literature. Ayurvedic science views health as interconnections between Sharira (body), Manas (mind), and Atma (consciousness), with digestion as being central to physical, mental, and emotional balance. This chapter discusses Ayurvedic explanations of GBA using the core concept of Agni (digestive fire) concerning gut health, microbiota, and mental clarity. Key Ayurvedic concepts, such as the Agni-Prana-Srotas relationship, are in line with modern understandings of microbial diversity and gut-brain communication. Practical interventions include dietary modifications tailored to an individual's constitution (Prakriti), herbal remedies, yoga, meditation, and detoxification therapies like Panchakarma, which demonstrate the integrative potential of Ayurveda in managing gut-brain health. Drawing together traditional wisdom with modern research, this chapter will suggest interdisciplinary collaboration in order to further understand the complexities of the GBA and how to gain holistic wellness.